Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
 

CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Thilanas)

The   thillānā   is a short and crisp composition.The most important feature of this form is the presence of   jatis   for the most part and few sāhitya syllables which occur in the first half of the  caranam.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Thilanas)

The   thillānā   is a short and crisp composition.The most important feature of this form is the presence of   jatis   for the most part and few sāhitya syllables which occur in the first half of the  caranam. Compared to sāhitya, the rhythmic syllables can be enjoyed more in this form. The presence of   jatis   is probably the reason for the popularity of this form.   Jatis   are always attractive and the brisk passages of   jatis   along with swara and sāhitya syllables have a quick appeal to the mind of the listener. In addition to this, the music which accompanies the sāhitya also has a direct appeal if it is appropriate.
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Rāga: Dhhanaśhrī
Thāḷa: Ādhi
Composer: Swāthi Thiruṇāḷ
Language: Hindi

Pallavi:

Githa dhuniki thaka thai nādhru dhru dhru thām nācharahe gori thām dhithai thai dhithai dhirahata
(Githa dhuniki)

Anupallavi:

Bāja pāyal karo jhhanana jhhanana

Bāja pāyal karo jhhanana jhhanana thanana thanana thom jhhanana jhhanana thanana thanana thom

jhhanana jhhanana thanana thanana (Githa dhuniki)

Charaṇam 1:

Th ān gāve thakatha thai thathai

Thaittha thaittha thakata ṇam dhīm thakiṭathakadhīm dhīm thakiṭathakadhīm dhīm thakiṭathakadhīm

Tryaka thom tryaka thom tryaka (Githa dhuniki)

Charaṇam 2:

Padhumanābha thumhāri lilā kyā karū mei sāvaro
thāpa saṅkaṭa haraṇe āyo so hamāro thum haro

(Chiṭṭasvara)
Thadhīm thadhīm dhiranā udanitha thāni thāni thadhīm thadhīm dhiranā

Thādhiththām thathara alari thathom thadhimi thānidhīm alari alari

Thathara thām thāni thadhimi thām thāni takiṭa thām thāni dhīm dhīm dhīm thari

Alari thām thām thām thakadhimi alari thom thom thom thakadhikithaka alari

(Githa dhuniki)

Meaning:

Pallavi:

Nācharahe gori thām dhithai thai dhithai dhirahata

nācharahe - is dancing

gori - the girl

thām dhithai thai dhithai - beats of the dance.

The girl dances to the beats of thām dhithai thai dhithai and others.

Anupallavi:

Bāja pāyal karo jhhanana jhhanana

Bāja - to sound

Pāyal - anklet

Karo - to do (does)

jhhanana jhhanana - sounds of the anklet

The anklet makes the sound, jhhanana jhhanana.

Charaṇam 1:

Th ān gāve thakatha thai thathai

 Th ān - the verse

gāve - sings

thakatha thai thathai - the syllables of the verse

The syllables of the verse go - thakatha thai thathai.

Charaṇam 2:

Padhumanābha thumhāri līlā kyā karū mei sāvaro
thāpa saṅkaṭa haraṇe āyo so hamāro thum haro

Padhumanābha - one who has a lotus navel

thumhāri - your

līlā - sport of the God

kyā - what

karū - to do

mei - I

sāvaro - a name for Kriṣhṇa
thāpa saṅkaṭa - the problems

haraṇe - to solve

āyo so - as you come

hamāro - ours

thum - you

haro - defeat

 

O lord with the lotus navel, how do I explain your sport? As you come, you defeat all our problems.
1 Dhhanaśhrī click here












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