Pronunciation and Phonetics

Learning proper pronunciation can be done without much knowledge of phonetics, actually. A basic knowledge, however, helps to make pronunciation clearer and thus facilitates the process of learning how to speak a foreign language properly.

eAmbalam introduces a phonetic chart which is based on Dhevanagari script. The sounds of vowels and consonants and other speech sounds in Sanskrit and the languages which have completely or mostly borrowed from it can be covered with the help of the chart. A few other sounds common to some languages in this group and outside are also put in. Unique sounds of some languages are specified too.

Diacritical marks are used to aid perfect pronunciation. World over, these marks have been created and propagated by scholars to make understanding of the differences in speech sounds in different languages better. Team eAmbalam also has created a phonetic chart which helps even first timers to pronounce words accurately.

Our Phonetic chart is unique, comprehensive, learner friendly and is divided into four columns wherein:
  • In the first column, the letter is written with the associated diacritical mark.
  • In the second column, an example is given in Dhevanagari language containing the letter.
  • In the third column, an example is given in English, which contains the sound closes to the letter or instructions in few cases, to facilitate better understanding.
  • In the fourth column, an audio button is placed with the help of which you can hear the actual pronunciation of the letter.
An open minded approach with the above introduction and guidelines will definitely enable the user to understand the speech sounds of any language and pronounce it like a native, which is eAmbalam’s aim in this exercise.

  VOWELS  
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
A or a Aḍavu Arise
Ā or ā Ānanda Vast
I or i Indhira Sing
Ī or ī Īśha Meal
U or u U ṣhā Good
Ū or ū Ū rdhhva Boost
R or r Riṣh i Try
Ṛ or ṛ Ni ṛ uti Grr!
Lr or lr   Pronounce L and R together.
E or e Eka Ate
AI or ai Aikya Sight
O or o Ojas Robe
AU or au Audh ā rya Now
A M or am Śhiva m Drum
A HA or aha R ā ma ha Aha!
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
 

CONSONANTS
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English
KA or ka Kavi Car
KHA or kha Khalu Mark -Him
GA or ga Gamana Gut
GHA or gha Ghata Ugh!
Ṅ A or ṅa Tura ṅ ga Ring
CHA or ca Chakra Chart
CHHA or cha Chhandas Branch
JA or ja Jagath Jug
JHA or jha Jhallari Fudge
NYA or nya Gnyana Knew
Ṭ A or ṭ Ṭ anka Top
ṬHA or ṭha Pāṭha Pothole
ḌA or da Ḍ amaruka Dog
Ḍ HA or ḍ ha Mūḍ ha Madhouse
Ṇ A or ṇ a Ga ṇ a Wander
THA or tha Thanu Health
THHA or thha Athha Theater
DHA or dha Dha śha This
DHHA or dhha Dhhana m Dha with an additional H sound
NA or na Namask ā raha Nut
PA or pa   Path ā ka Past
PHA or pha Phala m P with a H sound
BA or ba Bandhhu Ball
BHA or bha Bhadra Abhor
MA or ma Manas Money
YA or ya Yama Yummy
RA or ra Rajas Rub
LA or la Lath ā Lust
VA or WA, va /wa A śh va or A śhwa Water/Valour
ŚHA or śha Śhakthi Shutter
ṢHA or ṣ ha Ṣh a ṇ mukha Shunt
SA or sa Sarasvatī Sun
HA or ha Hari Hum
Ḷ A or ḷ a Ar āḷ a Bold
KṢHA or k ṣ ha Ak ṣh i Try to pronounce Ka, Sa & Ha – all at one time.
Extra Vowels in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam Scripts    
É or é Éṇi Angel
Ō or ō Ō m Ō M
ZHA Exclusive to Tamil & Malayalam Fold the tip of your tongue backwards and try to pronounce it with the aid of the audio button.
Syllable Usage in Sanskrit Usage in English

Lyrics and Meanings (Thilanas)

The   thillānā   is a short and crisp composition.The most important feature of this form is the presence of   jatis   for the most part and few sāhitya syllables which occur in the first half of the  caranam.

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Lyrics and Meanings (Thilanas)

The   thillānā   is a short and crisp composition.The most important feature of this form is the presence of   jatis   for the most part and few sāhitya syllables which occur in the first half of the  caranam. Compared to sāhitya, the rhythmic syllables can be enjoyed more in this form. The presence of   jatis   is probably the reason for the popularity of this form.   Jatis   are always attractive and the brisk passages of   jatis   along with swara and sāhitya syllables have a quick appeal to the mind of the listener. In addition to this, the music which accompanies the sāhitya also has a direct appeal if it is appropriate.
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Rāga: Hindhoḷam

Thāḷa: Khaṇḍaeka

Composer: Thirugokarṇam Vaidhyanātha Ayyar

Language: Thelugu

Meaning: Indhirā Kaḍambi

 

Pallavi:

Dhīm thānanana nādhrudhru thāni thāni thomdhrudhāni

Thom thom nādhrudhāni thom thondrudhāni thom thananadhana

 

Anupallavi:

Dhīm dhīm thadhara thāni dhīmthām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom

Dhīm thām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom dhīmthām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom

(Dhīm thānanana)

x 1 2 3 4
s , s m , m d m d g , m d n s? g? s? n s? ,
n s? , g? s? , n n s? , s? n d m , m d m g s

 

Nādhruthāni thom thomdhruthāni thom thanom thanom thanom thanom

dhīm thakiṭa thāka dhīm dhīm thakiṭa thāka

x 1 2 3 4
m? g? s? n d m d n s? g? m? , m? m , m d m d ,
m g s m , m n d m d , d n d s? n g? s? m? g?
s? n d n

Dhīm th ḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom thaka dhīm thḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom thaka dhiku

dhīm th ḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom (Dhīm thānanana)

Chara am:

nīdhu mahimalanu ne pogaḍi pogaḍi ninne

sadhā bhhajana chési mei marachithini

Śhrī kānchi purivelayu kāmākṣhi

Kaṭākṣhinchi karuṇajūḍavammā ammā

 

thākujheku thakiṭa ga, ma dha ni sa ga thakanam

thajam thanam ni ni sa, sa ni dha ma, thaka dhimi thom

Nādhruthāni thom thomdhruthāni thom thanom thanom thanom thanom

dhīm thakiṭa thāka dhīm dhīm thakiṭa thāka

 

x 1 2 3 4
m? g? s? n d m d n s? g? m? , m? m , m d m d ,
m g s m , m n d m d , d n d s? n g? s? m? g?
s? n d n

Dhīm th ḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom thaka dhīm thḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom thaka dhiku

dhīm th ḷ ām kiṭathaka tharikiṭathom (Dhīm thānanana)

Meaning of Charaṇam Sāhithyam:

nīdhu mahimalanu ne pogaḍi pogaḍi ninne

sadhā bhhajana chési mei marachithini

Śhrī kānchi purivelayu kāmākṣhi

Kaṭākṣhinchi karuṇajūḍavammā ammā

 

nīdhu - your

mahimalanu - greatness

ne - i

pogaḍi - praise

ninne - you

sadhā - always

bhhajana chési - sing in praise of you

mei marachithini - forget myself (deeply engrossed)

Śhrī kānchi puri - place name kanchi

Velayu - resides

kāmākṣhi - goddess name kāmākṣhi

Kaṭākṣhinchi - protect

karuṇa jūḍavammā - show compassion

ammā - mother

 

Oh Mother Kāmākṣhi, the one residing at Kānchipuram, Protect me; be compassionate to me; I forget myself as I keep singing and praising about your greatness.

 

1 Hindhoḷam click here












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